Nkibikoresho byingenzi murwego rwo hejuru - inganda zubushyuhe, inzira yo gukora ceramics yamashanyarazi ihuza siyanse yibintu, thermodynamic hamwe nikoranabuhanga rikora neza. Kuva guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo kugeza kubicuruzwa byanyuma, buri ntambwe igira ingaruka itaziguye kumiterere yibanze nko kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya ruswa hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi. Iyi ngingo izasesengura byimazeyo uburyo bwo gukora ibumba ryububumbyi kugira ngo rifashe abakora ubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’abakiriya b’inganda kumva neza ibi bikoresho byingenzi.
Gutegura ibikoresho bibisi: isuku nyinshi kandi itunganijwe neza
Ishingiro ryibumba ryububiko ni ryinshi - ibikoresho byiza. Ibikoresho fatizo bisanzwe birimo imyunyu ngugu nka bauxite, silika, na magnesia. Ibi bikoresho bigomba guhonyorwa, kubutaka no gutondekwa kugirango habeho ubunini buke. Bimwe mubicuruzwa byo hejuru - byanyuma nabyo byongeramo inyongeramusaruro nka okiside ya zirconium na karubide ya silicon kugirango itezimbere ibintu byihariye, nko guhangana nubushyuhe bwumuriro cyangwa imbaraga za mashini. Ubuziranenge bwibikoresho fatizo bigira ingaruka kuri microstructure nyuma yo gucumura, bityo ibirimo umwanda bigomba kugenzurwa cyane.
Ubuhanga bwo kubumba: kuva ifu kugeza umubiri wicyatsi
Nyuma yuko ibikoresho bibisi bivanze, bigomba guhabwa imiterere yabyo binyuze muburyo bwo kubumba. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kubumba burimo:
Gukanda kumashanyarazi: Bikwiranye nibicuruzwa bifite imiterere isanzwe, nk'amatafari cyangwa imiyoboro, ifu ikanda mumubiri wicyatsi munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi.
Gushushanya inshinge: Gukoresha ibice bigoye byubatswe, ibishishwa byinjizwa mubibumbano hanyuma bigahinduka umwuma kandi bigakomera.
Gukanda Isostatike: Ifu ihagarikwa neza numuvuduko wamazi, ikwiranye nibintu byinshi -.
Umubiri wicyatsi nyuma yo kubumba ugomba gukama kugirango ukureho ubuhehere kandi wirinde gucika mugihe cyo gucumura.
Gucumura: Guhindura muburyo bwubushyuhe bwo hejuru
Gucumura ni ihuriro ryibanze mugukora ceramics. Umubiri wicyatsi uhura nu mubiri na chimique mu itanura ryinshi rya - kuri dogere 1200 kugeza kuri dogere 1800, kandi ibice byahujwe no gushonga cyangwa gukwirakwiza icyiciro gikomeye kugirango habeho imiterere yuzuye. Ibyingenzi byingenzi muburyo bwo gucumura harimo ubushyuhe bwo kugabanuka, kugenzura ikirere (nka okiside cyangwa kugabanya ibidukikije) no gufata umwanya. Tekinoroji igezweho nka plasma sintering cyangwa microwave sintering irashobora kurushaho kunoza gukoresha ingufu nibikorwa byibicuruzwa.
Kohereza - gutunganya no kugenzura ubuziranenge
Ubukorikori bwacumuye bushobora gukenerwa gutemwa, gusukwa cyangwa gutwikirwa hejuru. Ubugenzuzi bukomeye burimo gupima ubucucike, gupima ubushyuhe bwo kwagura ubushyuhe hamwe no gupima ubushyuhe bw’umuriro kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga (nka ASTM cyangwa ISO).
Ishirwaho ryibumba ryububiko ni ihuriro rya siyanse nikoranabuhanga. Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga, aho rikoreshwa riragenda ryiyongera kuva munganda za metallurgie n’inganda zikora ingufu n’ikirere gishya, kandi isoko rishobora kuba rinini. Gusobanukirwa niyi nzira birashobora gufasha ibigo byubucuruzi bwamahanga guhuza neza ibyo abakiriya bakeneye no guteza imbere ubufatanye mpuzamahanga.
