Nibihe bintu Bitera Kwambara Kurwanya Ububumbyi?
Kwambara - ibikoresho bya ceramique birwanya bikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye no gusya no gusya, kwambara - impuzu zidashobora kwihanganira, imirongo yimbere yimiyoboro cyangwa ibikoresho, hamwe nibice byubaka, nibindi, kandi imyambarire yabo - irwanya ubuzima bwumurimo wibikoresho bya mashini nibice. Kwambara bisanzwe - ibikoresho bya ceramique birwanya zirconiya, alumina, nitride cubic boron, nitride ya silicon, karbide ya boron, karbide ya silicon, nibindi.
Kugirango babone kwambara - ibikoresho bya ceramic birwanya kwihanganira kwambara neza, intiti nyinshi zize uburyo bwo kwambara bwibikoresho bya ceramique nibintu bigira ingaruka kumyambarire yububumbyi. Muri rusange, kurwanya imyambarire yububumbano byatewe nibintu bibiri, kimwe ni imiterere yibikoresho ubwabyo, ikindi ni ibintu byo hanze nkumutwaro, ubushyuhe, nikirere.
Ingaruka yimiterere yubukanishi kumyambarire yububumbyi
Mu bushakashatsi bwambere bwerekeranye no kwambara - birwanya umutungo wibikoresho byubutaka, byemezwa ko ubukana bwibikoresho byubutaka bifitanye isano rya bugufi nibintu byambarwa. Nyuma byaje kugaragara ko isano iri hagati yo gukomera no kwambara ububumbyi butagaragara cyane. Kurugero, ubukana bwa ceramics ya alumina irarenze TZP zirconia ceramics, ariko kwihanganira kwambara ntabwo byanze bikunze birenze TZP ceramics.
Nubwo gukomera bishobora kwerekana imbaraga zihuza imbibi zintambwe ku rugero runaka, amaherezo kwambara bikozwe bitewe nibintu bitandukanijwe no kwambara, bityo ubukana bwibikoresho bya ceramique ntibukoreshwa nkigipimo cyo guhanura gupima. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekana ko hamwe nogutezimbere gukomera kuvunika no gukomera kwibikoresho, igipimo cyo kwambara ceramique kigabanuka gahoro gahoro, kandi kwihanganira kwambara nibyiza.
Ingaruka za microstructure kumyenda yo kurwanya ceramics
Muri rusange, microstructure yibikoresho akenshi igira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere ya macroscopique yibikoresho. Ibikoresho bya ceramic numubiri wacumuye ugizwe nintete na inter - kristu, kandi microstructure yayo akenshi igena imiterere ya macroscopique. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekanye ko kwihanganira kwambara ibikoresho bya ceramique bifitanye isano cyane nubunini bwingano, ibice byimbibi zimbibi, igabanywa ryumupaka kumupaka wimbuto, imyenge nizindi microstructures.
Ingano y'ibinyampeke
Mu nganda, ibikoresho byuma birashobora kunoza imiterere yubukanishi mu gutunganya ibinyampeke, aribyo bita gushimangira ingano nziza. Ihame nyamukuru ni uko ingano yubunini buto, nini nini yubuso bwimbibi zimbuto hamwe na zigzag kugabana imipaka yimbuto, ibyo bikaba bishobora kongera inzira yo gukura kandi bikanafasha guhangayikishwa nibintu bitatanye. Usanga gutunganya ingano bigira uruhare runini mukurwanya kwambara ibikoresho byubutaka.
Ubwoba
Porosity ifite ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yubutaka. Pore ihwanye no kubaho kw'inenge, izatera guhangayika, kwihuta kwaguka no kugabanya imbaraga zihuza ibinyampeke, bityo bikagira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yubukorikori. Mubikorwa byo guterana amagambo, imyenge irashobora guhuza hamwe kugirango ikore isoko yameneka, yihutisha kwambara.
Icyiciro cyimbibi nicyiciro cya intercrystalline
Ubukorikori bugizwe n'ibinyampeke, ibyiciro by'imbibi, hamwe na pore. Muburyo bwo gucumura, inyongeramusaruro hamwe n’umwanda wongeyeho mububumbyi bwibanze cyane cyane kumupaka wingano muburyo bwa "icyiciro cya kabiri" cyangwa "icyiciro cyikirahure", kandi kubaho kwabo bizagira ingaruka kumbaraga zihuza ibinyampeke. Mugihe cyo guteranya ceramic no kwambara, ibice bishobora kugaragara byoroshye kumupaka wingano. Imbaraga nke zihuza imbibi zintete zizatera kuvunika kumyaka mugihe cyo kwambara, bizatera gukuramo ingano zose kandi bitera kwambara cyane.
Inyongeramusaruro ya polycrystalline ceramics isanzwe ibaho kumupaka wingano muburyo bwicyiciro cyikirahure. Mugihe cyo guterana amagambo, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru buturukaho bugabanya ubukonje bwikirahure, biganisha kumiterere ya plastike. Niba guhangayikishwa nimbibi zegeranye zegeranye bidakwiriye, bizatera gucika kumupaka wingano kandi bitera kwambara cyane.
Niba ingano ikwiye yinyongera ishobora gukora icyiciro cya kabiri kumupaka wingano, mubisanzwe ni ingirakamaro kubirwanya kwambara. Kurugero, kongeramo zirconia muri alumina kugirango zirconia ikomeze alumina ceramics, izwi kandi nka ZTA ceramics. Nkuko kwiyongera kwa {
